Let last be false.
設(shè) last 為 false。

Let node be the last node in the stack of open elements.
設(shè) node 為打開元素堆棧的最後一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)。

Loop: If node is the first node in the stack of open elements, then set last to true, and, if the parser was originally created as part of the HTML fragment parsing algorithm (fragment case), set node to the context element passed to that algorithm.
Loop：如果 node 是打開元素堆棧的第一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)，那麼最後設(shè)置為 true ，並且，如果解析器最初是作為 HTML 片段解析算法（fragment case）的一部分創(chuàng)建的，那麼 node 設(shè)置為傳遞給該算法的上下文元素。

If node is a select element, run these substeps:
如果 node 是一個(gè) select 元素，運(yùn)行這些子步驟：

If last is true, jump to the step below labeled done.
如果 last 為 true，跳到下面的步驟標(biāo)記 done。

Let ancestor be node.
設(shè) ancestor 為 node。

Loop: If ancestor is the first node in the stack of open elements, jump to the step below labeled done.
Loop：如果 ancestor 是打開元素堆棧的第一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)，跳到下面的步驟標(biāo)記 done。

Let ancestor be the node before ancestor in the stack of open elements.
設(shè) ancestor 為打開元素堆棧之前的 ancestor。

If ancestor is a template node, jump to the step below labeled done.
如果 ancestor 是一個(gè) template 節(jié)點(diǎn)，跳到下面的步驟標(biāo)記 done。

If ancestor is a table node, switch the insertion mode to "in select in table" and abort these steps.
如果 ancestor 是一個(gè) table 節(jié)點(diǎn)，將插入模式切換為 in select in table，并終止這些步驟。

Jump back to the step labeled loop.
跳轉(zhuǎn)回步驟標(biāo)記 Loop。

Done: Switch the insertion mode to "in select" and abort these steps.
Done：切換插入模式為 in select，并終止這些步驟。

If node is a td or th element and last is false, then switch the insertion mode to "in cell" and abort these steps.
如果 node 是 td 或 th 元素，並且 last 為 false，那麼切換插入模式為 in cell，并終止這些步驟。

If node is a tr element, then switch the insertion mode to "in row" and abort these steps.
如果 node 是 tr 元素，那麼切換插入模式為 in row，并終止這些步驟。

If node is a tbody, thead, or tfoot element, then switch the insertion mode to "in table body" and abort these steps.
如果 node 是 tbody、thead 或 tfoot 元素，那麼切換插入模式為 in table body，并終止這些步驟。

If node is a caption element, then switch the insertion mode to "in caption" and abort these steps.
如果 node 是 caption 元素，那麼切換插入模式為 in caption，并終止這些步驟。

If node is a colgroup element, then switch the insertion mode to "in column group" and abort these steps.
如果 node 是 colgroup 元素，那麼切換插入模式為 in column group，并終止這些步驟。

If node is a table element, then switch the insertion mode to "in table" and abort these steps.
如果 node 是 tabla 元素，那麼切換插入模式為 in table，并終止這些步驟。

If node is a template element, then switch the insertion mode to the current template insertion mode and abort these steps.
如果 node 是 template 元素，那麼切換插入模式為當(dāng)前模版插入模式，并終止這些步驟。

If node is a head element and last is false, then switch the insertion mode to "in head" and abort these steps.
如果 node 是 head 元素，並且 last 為 false，那麼切換插入模式為 in haed，并終止這些步驟。

If node is a body element, then switch the insertion mode to "in body" and abort these steps.
如果 node 是 body 元素，那麼切換插入模式為 in body，并終止這些步驟。

If node is a frameset element, then switch the insertion mode to "in frameset" and abort these steps. (fragment case)
如果 node 是 frameset 元素，那麼切換插入模式為 in frameset，并終止這些步驟。（fragment case）

If node is an html element, run these substeps:
如果 node 是 html 元素，運(yùn)行這些子步驟：

If the head element pointer is null, switch the insertion mode to "before head" and abort these steps. (fragment case)
如果 head 元素指針為 null，切換插入模式為 before head，并終止這些步驟。（fragment case）

Otherwise, the head element pointer is not null, switch the insertion mode to "after head" and abort these steps.
否則，該 head 元素指針不為 null，切換插入模式為 after head，并終止這些步驟。

If last is true, then switch the insertion mode to "in body" and abort these steps. (fragment case)
如果 last 為 true，那麼切換插入模式為 in body，并終止這些步驟。（fragment case）

Let node now be the node before node in the stack of open elements.
設(shè)現(xiàn)在的 node 為打開元素堆棧中的節(jié)點(diǎn)的之前的 node。

Return to the step labeled loop.
回到步驟標(biāo)籤 Loop。

Initially, the stack of open elements is empty. The stack grows downwards; the topmost node on the stack is the first one added to the stack, and the bottommost node of the stack is the most recently added node in the stack (notwithstanding when the stack is manipulated in a random access fashion as part of the handling for misnested tags).

最初，打開元素的堆棧是空的。堆棧向下生長；堆棧最頂部的 node 是第一個(gè)添加到堆棧的節(jié)點(diǎn)，並且堆棧最底部的 node 是最近添加到堆棧的節(jié)點(diǎn)（儘管在處理錯(cuò)誤嵌套的標(biāo)籤時(shí)，堆棧以隨機(jī)的訪問方式控制）。

Note: The "before html" insertion mode creates the html document element, which is then added to the stack.
Note: 在 before html 插入模式下創(chuàng)建 html 文檔元素，然後將其添加到堆棧中。

Note: In the fragment case, the stack of open elements is initialized to contain an html element that is created as part of that algorithm. (The fragment case skips the "before html" insertion mode.)
Note: 在碎片容器中，開放元素堆棧已被初始化為包含一個(gè) html 元素，這是作為它的算法的一部分創(chuàng)建的（碎片容器跳過了 before html插入模式）。

The html node, however it is created, is the topmost node of the stack. It only gets popped off the stack when the parser finishes.

無論如何，都將創(chuàng)建html 節(jié)點(diǎn)，並且它將是堆棧最頂部的節(jié)點(diǎn)。只有當(dāng)解析完成，它才會(huì)從堆棧中彈出。

The current node is the bottommost node in this stack of open elements.

當(dāng)前節(jié)點(diǎn)是在這個(gè)打開元素堆棧中最底部的的節(jié)點(diǎn)。

The adjusted current node is the context element if the parser was created by the HTML fragment parsing algorithm and the stack of open elements has only one element in it (fragment case); otherwise, the adjusted current node is the current node.

如果解析器是在 HTML 碎片解析算法中創(chuàng)建的，並且打開元素堆棧中只有一個(gè)元素，那麼校正后的當(dāng)前節(jié)點(diǎn)為上下文元素；否則，校正后的當(dāng)前節(jié)點(diǎn)就是當(dāng)前節(jié)點(diǎn)。

Elements in the stack of open elements fall into the following categories:

在打開元素堆棧中的元素分為下列類別：

Special 特殊的

The following elements have varying levels of special parsing rules: HTML"s address, applet, area, article, aside, base, basefont, bgsound, blockquote, body, br, button, caption, center, col, colgroup, dd, details, dir, div, dl, dt, embed, fieldset, figcaption, figure, footer, form, frame, frameset, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, head, header, hgroup, hr, html, iframe, img, input, keygen, li, link, listing, main, marquee, menu, meta, nav, noembed, noframes, noscript, object, ol, p, param, plaintext, pre, script, section, select, source, style, summary, table, tbody, td, template, textarea, tfoot, th, thead, title, tr, track, ul, wbr, xmp; MathML mi, MathML mo, MathML mn, MathML ms, MathML mtext, and MathML annotation-xml; and SVG foreignObject, SVG desc, and SVG title.

以下元素?fù)碛胁煌潭鹊奶厥饨馕鲆?guī)則：HTML 的 address、applet、area、article、aside、base、basefont、bgsound、blockquote、body、br、button、caption、center、col、colgroup、dd、details、dir、div、dl、dt、embed、fieldset、figcaption、figure、footer、form、frame、frameset、h1、h2、h3、h4、h5、h6、head、header、hgroup、hr、html、iframe、img、input、keygen、li、link、listing、main、marquee、menu、meta、nav、noembed、noframes、noscript、object、ol、p、param、plaintext、pre、script、section、select、source、style、summary、table、tbody、td、template、textarea、tfoot、th、thead、title、tr、track、ul、wbr、xmp；MathML mi、MathML mo、MathML mn、MathML ms、MathML mtext、MathML annotation-xml；以及 SVG foreignObject、SVG desc、SVG title。

Note: An image start tag token is handled by the tree builder, but it is not in this list because it is not an element; it gets turned into an img element.
Note: 在樹構(gòu)造中會(huì)處理image 起始標(biāo)籤，但它不在這個(gè)列表中，因?yàn)樗皇且粋€(gè)元素；它變成了 img 元素。

Formatting 格式化

The following HTML elements are those that end up in the list of active formatting elements: a, b, big, code, em, font, i, nobr, s, small, strike, strong, tt, and u.

下列 HTML 元素在現(xiàn)役格式化元素的列表中結(jié)束：a、b、big、code、em、font、i、nobr、s、small、strike、strong、tt、u。

Ordinary 普通的

All other elements found while parsing an HTML document.

在解析 HTML 文檔時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)的所有其他元素。

Typically, the special elements have the start and end tag tokens handled specifically, while ordinary elements" tokens fall into "any other start tag" and "any other end tag" clauses, and some parts of the tree builder check if a particular element in the stack of open elements is in the special category. However, some elements (e.g., the option element) have their start or end tag tokens handled specifically, but are still not in the special category, so that they get the ordinary handling elsewhere.
通常，當(dāng)普通元素在「任何其他起始標(biāo)籤」和「任何其他結(jié)束標(biāo)籤」之間作為子句，特殊元素的起始標(biāo)籤和結(jié)束標(biāo)籤令牌會(huì)進(jìn)行特殊處理，並且樹構(gòu)造器的某些部分會(huì)檢查特定元素在打開元素堆棧中是否是屬於特殊類別。然而，某些元素（例如，option 元素）有特殊的起始標(biāo)籤或結(jié)束標(biāo)籤令牌處理，但它仍然不在特殊類別中，這是為了在其他地方得到普通處理。

The stack of open elements is said to have an element target node in a specific scope consisting of a list of element types list when the following algorithm terminates in a match state:

當(dāng)以下算法在匹配狀態(tài)終止時(shí)，該打開元素堆棧被認(rèn)為在特定作用域中存在元素目標(biāo)節(jié)點(diǎn)，算法包含一個(gè)元素類型的列表 list：

Initialize node to be the current node (the bottommost node of the stack).
初始化 node 為當(dāng)前節(jié)點(diǎn)（堆棧中最底部的節(jié)點(diǎn)）。

If node is the target node, terminate in a match state.
如果 node 是目標(biāo)節(jié)點(diǎn)，終止於匹配狀態(tài)。

Otherwise, if node is one of the element types in list, terminate in a failure state.
否則，如果 node 是 list 中的元素類型之一，終止於失敗狀態(tài)。

Otherwise, set node to the previous entry in the stack of open elements and return to step 2. (This will never fail, since the loop will always terminate in the previous step if the top of the stack — an html element — is reached.)
否則，設(shè)置 node 為打開元素堆棧中的前一個(gè)元素，并返回到步驟 2 。（這永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)失敗，因?yàn)槿绻竭_(dá)了堆棧的頂部 —— 一個(gè) html 元素，這個(gè)循環(huán)將在前一個(gè)步驟終止。）

The stack of open elements is said to have a particular element in scope when it has that element in the specific scope consisting of the following element types:

當(dāng)下列元素類型作為 list 時(shí)，符合在特定作用域中存在元素目標(biāo)節(jié)點(diǎn)，該打開元素堆棧被認(rèn)為在作用域中存在特定的元素：

applet

caption

html

table

td

th

marquee

object

template

MathML mi

MathML mo

MathML mn

MathML ms

MathML mtext

MathML annotation-xml

SVG foreignObject

SVG desc

SVG title

The stack of open elements is said to have a particular element in list item scope when it has that element in the specific scope consisting of the following element types:

當(dāng)下列元素類型作為 list 時(shí)，符合在特定作用域中存在元素目標(biāo)節(jié)點(diǎn)，該打開元素堆棧被認(rèn)為在列表?xiàng)l目作用域中存在特定的元素：

All the element types listed above for the has an element in scope algorithm.
算法 在作用域中有特定的元素 列出的所有元素。

ol in the HTML namespace
HTML 命名空間中的 ol

ul in the HTML namespace
HTML 命名空間中的 ul

The stack of open elements is said to have a particular element in button scope when it has that element in the specific scope consisting of the following element types:

當(dāng)下列元素類型作為 list 時(shí)，符合在特定作用域中存在元素目標(biāo)節(jié)點(diǎn)，該打開元素堆棧被認(rèn)為在按鈕作用域中存在特定的元素：

All the element types listed above for the has an element in scope algorithm.
算法 在作用域中有特定的元素 列出的所有元素。

button in the HTML namespace
HTML 命名空間中的 button

The stack of open elements is said to have a particular element in table scope when it has that element in the specific scope consisting of the following element types:

當(dāng)下列元素類型作為 list 時(shí)，符合在特定作用域中存在元素目標(biāo)節(jié)點(diǎn)，該打開元素堆棧被認(rèn)為在表格作用域中存在特定的元素：

html in the HTML namespace
HTML 命名空間中的 html

table in the HTML namespace
HTML 命名空間中的 table

template in the HTML namespace
HTML 命名空間中的 template

The stack of open elements is said to have a particular element in select scope when it has that element in the specific scope consisting of all element types except the following:

當(dāng)除下列元素類型以外的所有元素類型作為 list 時(shí)，符合在特定作用域中存在元素目標(biāo)節(jié)點(diǎn)，該打開元素堆棧被認(rèn)為在選擇作用域中存在特定的元素：

optgroup in the HTML namespace
HTML 命名空間中的 optgroup

option in the HTML namespace
HTML 命名空間中的 option

Nothing happens if at any time any of the elements in the stack of open elements are moved to a new location in, or removed from, the Document tree. In particular, the stack is not changed in this situation. This can cause, amongst other strange effects, content to be appended to nodes that are no longer in the DOM.

在任何時(shí)候，打開元素堆棧中的任何元素移動(dòng)到一個(gè)新的位置或者從文檔樹中移除，都不會(huì)觸發(fā)任何操作。要注意的是，在這種情況下，堆棧沒有變動(dòng)。這可能導(dǎo)致一些奇怪的效果，內(nèi)容被附加在DOM中已不存在的節(jié)點(diǎn)。

Note: In some cases (namely, when closing misnested formatting elements), the stack is manipulated in a random-access fashion.
Note: 在某些情況下（即，關(guān)閉錯(cuò)誤嵌套的格式化元素時(shí)），堆棧是以隨機(jī)存取的方式進(jìn)行操作的。

Initially, the list of active formatting elements is empty. It is used to handle mis-nested formatting element tags.

起初，現(xiàn)役格式化元素的列表為空。它是用於處理錯(cuò)誤嵌套的格式化元素標(biāo)籤。

The list contains elements in the formatting category, and markers. The markers are inserted when entering applet, object, marquee, template, td, th, and caption elements, and are used to prevent formatting from "leaking" into applet, object, marquee, template, td, th, and caption elements.

該列表包含格式化類別中的元素，以及標(biāo)記。當(dāng)進(jìn)入 applet、object、marquee、template、td、th、caption 元素時(shí)附加該標(biāo)記，這用於防止格式化「洩漏」到 applet、object、marquee、template、td、th、caption 元素。

In addition, each element in the list of active formatting elements is associated with the token for which it was created, so that further elements can be created for that token if necessary.

此外，現(xiàn)役格式化元素列表中的每個(gè)元素都與創(chuàng)建它的 token 關(guān)聯(lián)，所以當(dāng)必要時(shí)可以為該 token 創(chuàng)建進(jìn)一步的元素。

When the steps below require the UA to push onto the list of active formatting elements an element element, the UA must perform the following steps:

但下文的步驟要求用戶代理將元素 element 加入到現(xiàn)役格式化元素的列表中時(shí)，用戶代理必需執(zhí)行以下步驟：

If there are already three elements in the list of active formatting elements after the last marker, if any, or anywhere in the list if there are no markers, that have the same tag name, namespace, and attributes as element, then remove the earliest such element from the list of active formatting elements. For these purposes, the attributes must be compared as they were when the elements were created by the parser; two elements have the same attributes if all their parsed attributes can be paired such that the two attributes in each pair have identical names, namespaces, and values (the order of the attributes does not matter).

如果在現(xiàn)役格式化元素列表中的最後一個(gè)標(biāo)記后存在三個(gè)具有與 element 標(biāo)籤名稱、命名空間、屬性都一樣的元素，那麼從現(xiàn)役格式化元素列表中移除第一個(gè)這樣的元素；如果不存在標(biāo)記，那麼不限定三個(gè)相同元素在列表中的位置。為了達(dá)成這些目的，必需像解析器創(chuàng)建元素時(shí)那樣去比較屬性；如果兩個(gè)元素的所有屬性經(jīng)過解析都能配對（屬性的-順序並不重要），使得每一對中的兩個(gè)屬性具有相同的名稱、命名空間和值，認(rèn)為兩個(gè)元素具有相同的屬性。

Note: This is the Noah"s Ark clause. But with three per family instead of two.
Note: 這是諾亞方舟的條例。但是每家庭三個(gè)，而不是兩個(gè)。

Add element to the list of active formatting elements.

添加元素到現(xiàn)役格式化元素列表。

When the steps below require the UA to reconstruct the active formatting elements, the UA must perform the following steps:

當(dāng)下文的步驟要求用戶代理重建現(xiàn)役格式化元素時(shí)，用戶代理必需執(zhí)行以下步驟：

If there are no entries in the list of active formatting elements, then there is nothing to reconstruct; stop this algorithm.
如果現(xiàn)役格式化列表中沒有條目，那也沒有什麼可供重建的；終止這個(gè)算法。

If the last (most recently added) entry in the list of active formatting elements is a marker, or if it is an element that is in the stack of open elements, then there is nothing to reconstruct; stop this algorithm.
如果現(xiàn)役格式化元素列表中的最後一個(gè)（最近添加的）條目是一個(gè)標(biāo)記，或者如果它是打開元素堆棧中的元素，那麼也沒有什麼可重建的，終止這個(gè)算法。

Let entry be the last (most recently added) element in the list of active formatting elements.
設(shè) entry 為現(xiàn)役格式化元素列表中的最後一個(gè)（最近添加的）元素。

Rewind: If there are no entries before entry in the list of active formatting elements, then jump to the step labeled create.
Rewind: 如果在現(xiàn)役格式化元素列表中，沒有元素在 entry 之前，那麼跳轉(zhuǎn)到步驟標(biāo)籤 create。

Let entry be the entry one earlier than entry in the list of active formatting elements.
設(shè) entry 為在現(xiàn)役格式化元素列表中，比 entry 的早一個(gè)加入的元素。

If entry is neither a marker nor an element that is also in the stack of open elements, go to the step labeled rewind.
如果 entry 既不是一個(gè)標(biāo)記，也不是一個(gè)在打開元素堆棧中的元素，跳轉(zhuǎn)到步驟標(biāo)籤 Rewind。

Advance: Let entry be the element one later than entry in the list of active formatting elements.
Advance: 設(shè) entry 為在現(xiàn)役格式化元素列表中，比 entry 後一個(gè)加入的元素。

Create: Insert an HTML element for the token for which the element entry was created, to obtain new element.
Create: 為創(chuàng)建 entry 的令牌插入一個(gè) HTML 元素，得到 new element。

Replace the entry for entry in the list with an entry for new element.
用 new element 的條目替換列表中 entry 的條目。

If the entry for new element in the list of active formatting elements is not the last entry in the list, return to the step labeled advance.
如果 new element 的條目在現(xiàn)役格式化元素列表中不是列表最後的條目，返回到步驟標(biāo)籤 Advance。

This has the effect of reopening all the formatting elements that were opened in the current body, cell, or caption (whichever is youngest) that haven"t been explicitly closed.

這將重新打開所以在當(dāng)前主體、單元格和標(biāo)題（最年輕的）中打開的所有元素，這些元素沒有被明確的關(guān)閉。

Note: The way this specification is written, the list of active formatting elements always consists of elements in chronological order with the least recently added element first and the most recently added element last (except for while steps 7 to 10 of the above algorithm are being executed, of course).
Note: 這個(gè)規(guī)範(fàn)的編寫方式，現(xiàn)役格式化元素列表的元素永遠(yuǎn)按時(shí)間順序排序，並且較前添加的元素在前，最近添加的元素在後（當(dāng)然，執(zhí)行上述算法的 7 至 10 步時(shí)是例外的）。

When the steps below require the UA to clear the list of active formatting elements up to the last marker, the UA must perform the following steps:

當(dāng)下文的步驟要求用戶代理將現(xiàn)役格式化元素列表清除至最後一個(gè)標(biāo)記處時(shí)，用戶代理必需執(zhí)行以下步驟：

Let entry be the last (most recently added) entry in the list of active formatting elements.
設(shè) entry 為現(xiàn)役格式化元素列表中最後（最近添加）的條目。

Remove entry from the list of active formatting elements.
從現(xiàn)役格式化元素列表中移除 entry。

If entry was a marker, then stop the algorithm at this point. The list has been cleared up to the last marker.
如果 entry 是一個(gè)標(biāo)記，在這裡停止算法。該列表已被清除至最後一個(gè)標(biāo)記。

Go to step 1.
回到步驟 1。

Initially, the head element pointer and the form element pointer are both null.

最初，head 元素指針和 from 元素指針都是無效的。

Once a head element has been parsed (whether implicitly or explicitly) the head element pointer gets set to point to this node.

一旦一個(gè) head 元素被解析（不論是隱式或是顯式），head 元素指針將被設(shè)置為指向這個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)。

The form element pointer points to the last form element that was opened and whose end tag has not yet been seen. It is used to make form controls associate with forms in the face of dramatically bad markup, for historical reasons. It is ignored inside template elements.

form 元素指針指向最後一個(gè)打開的並且未見到結(jié)束標(biāo)籤的 form 元素。由於歷史原因，它被用作使表單控件與表單相關(guān)聯(lián)。它在 template 元素內(nèi)部會(huì)被忽略。

The scripting flag is set to "enabled" if scripting was enabled for the Document with which the parser is associated when the parser was created, and "disabled" otherwise.

如果在解析器創(chuàng)建時(shí)與解析器相關(guān)聯(lián)的 Document 中啟用腳本，那麼 scripting flag 被設(shè)置為 "enabled"，否則被設(shè)置為 "disabled"。

Note: The scripting flag can be enabled even when the parser was originally created for the HTML fragment parsing algorithm, even though script elements don"t execute in that case.
Note: 即使在為 HTML 碎片解析算法創(chuàng)建解析器時(shí)，也可以將 scripting flag 設(shè)置為 enabled，哪怕在這種情況下 script 元素不執(zhí)行。

The frameset-ok flag is set to "ok" when the parser is created. It is set to "not ok" after certain tokens are seen.

在創(chuàng)建解析器時(shí)，frameset-ok flag 被設(shè)置為 "ok"。當(dāng)看到某些特定的令牌時(shí)，它被設(shè)為 "not ok"。