verbose：顯示列名, 請(qǐng)求參數(shù)為v

示例: curl localhost:9200/_cat/master?v

help：顯示當(dāng)前命令的各列含義, 請(qǐng)求參數(shù)為help. 某些命令部分列默認(rèn)不顯示,可通過help該命令可顯示的所有列

示例: curl localhost:9200/_cat/master?help

bytes： 數(shù)值列以指定單位顯示, 默認(rèn)轉(zhuǎn)為以kb/mb/gb表示

示例: curl localhost:9200/_cat/indices?bytes=b

header：顯示指定列的信息,請(qǐng)求參數(shù)為h

查看各index的segment詳細(xì)信息,包括segment名, 所屬shard, 內(nèi)存/磁盤占用大小, 是否刷盤, 是否merge為compound文件等. 可以查看指定index的segment信息(/_cat/segments/${index})

實(shí)例: curl localhost:9200/_cat/segments/new_index_20210621?v

查看集群中所有index的詳細(xì)信息,包括index狀態(tài),shard個(gè)數(shù)(primary/replica),doc個(gè)數(shù)等,可參考help. 可以查看指定index的信息(/_cat/indices/${index})

示例: curl localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v

查看集群中所有alias信息,包括alias對(duì)應(yīng)的index, 路由配置等. 可以查看指定alias的信息(/_cat/aliases/${alias})

先給索引創(chuàng)建個(gè)別名: curl -XPUT localhost:9200/new_index_20210618/_alias/a1?pretty

示例: curl localhost:9200/_cat/aliases?v

查看各shard的詳細(xì)情況,包括shard的分布, 當(dāng)前狀態(tài)(對(duì)于分配失敗的shard會(huì)有失敗原因), doc數(shù)量, 磁盤占用情況, shard的訪問情況(如所有g(shù)et請(qǐng)求的成功/失敗次數(shù)以及對(duì)應(yīng)耗時(shí)等). 可以指定index只查看某個(gè)index的shard信息(/_cat/shards/${index})

示例: curl localhost:9200/_cat/shards?v

查看單節(jié)點(diǎn)的shard分配整體情況

示例: curl localhost:9200/_cat/allocation?v

查看單節(jié)點(diǎn)的自定義屬性

示例: curl localhost:9200/_cat/nodeattrs?v

查看集群當(dāng)前狀態(tài), 包括data節(jié)點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù),primary shard個(gè)數(shù)等基本信息

示例: curl localhost:9200/_cat/health?v

查看集群各個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的當(dāng)前狀態(tài), 包括節(jié)點(diǎn)的物理參數(shù)(包括os/jdk版本, uptime, 當(dāng)前mem/disk/fd使用情況等), 請(qǐng)求訪問情況(如search/index成功和失敗的次數(shù))等詳細(xì)信息

示例: curl localhost:9200/_cat/nodes?v

查看集群中的master節(jié)點(diǎn)

示例: curl localhost:9200/_cat/master?v

查看當(dāng)前集群各個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的fielddata內(nèi)存使用情況,默認(rèn)是關(guān)閉的

查看當(dāng)前集群的doc數(shù)量; 也可顯示指定index的doc數(shù)量,格式為/_cat/count/${index}

示例: curl localhost:9200/_cat/count/new_index_20210618?v

查看當(dāng)前集群的pending task(等待事件),測(cè)試環(huán)境沒業(yè)務(wù)

查看集群各個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)上的plugin(插件)信息,測(cè)試環(huán)境沒有安裝插件

示例: curl localhost:9200/_cat/plugins?v

1. 查詢es中所有索引，所有已存在的索引

curl localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v

▼▼▼
curl -H"Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT localhost:9200/new_index_20210618?pretty -d{
  "settings":{
    "number_of_replicas":3,
    "number_of_shards":9
    },
  "mappings": {
     "user": {
       "properties": {
          "name": {
            "type":"text"
          },
          "age":{
            "type":"integer"
          },
          "profession":{
            "type":"text"
          }
        }
      }
   }
}

出現(xiàn)這個(gè)的原因是，elasticsearch7默認(rèn)不在支持指定索引類型，默認(rèn)索引類型是_doc，如果想改變，則配置include_type_name: true 即可(官方文檔說，無論是否可行，建議不要這么做，因?yàn)閑lasticsearch8后就不在提供該字段)。

https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/removal-of-types.html

所以在Elasticsearch7中應(yīng)該這么創(chuàng)建索引,也可創(chuàng)建索引后再修改mapping(pretty輸出結(jié)果已json形式輸出)

▼▼▼
curl -H"Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT localhost:9200/new_index_20210618?pretty -d{
  "settings":{
    "number_of_replicas":3,
    "number_of_shards":9
    },
  "mappings": {
       "properties": {
          "name": {
            "type":"text"
          },
          "age":{
            "type":"integer"
          },
          "profession":{
            "type":"text"
          }
        }
   }
}

示例: curl -XDELETE localhost:9200/new_text_202106018?pretty

4. 索引重命名，ES不支持索引重命名，只能將原索引復(fù)制到新索引

▼▼▼
curl -H"Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST localhost:9200/_reindex -d{
  "source": {
    "index": "new_index_20210621"
  },
  "dest": {
    "index": "new_index_20210618"
  }
}

5. 開啟關(guān)閉索引，索引關(guān)閉后只能查看索引配置信息，不能對(duì)索引的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行讀寫操作

關(guān)閉: 

curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST localhost:9200/test1/_close?pretty

開啟: 

curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST localhost:9200/test1/_open?pretty

1.查詢索引的mappings(映射，相當(dāng)于數(shù)據(jù)庫的表結(jié)構(gòu))

curl -XGET localhost:9200/test1/_mappings?pretty

2. 修改索引的mapping,添加Createtime字段字段類型是date(*ES mapping在建好之后不可以更改字段類型，也不支持刪除)

curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT localhost:9200/test1/_mapping?pretty -d{"properties":{"name":{"type":"text"},"age":{"type":"text"},"profession":{"type":"text"},"Createtime":{"type":"date","format":"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"}}}

1.創(chuàng)建新的索引庫test2

curl -XPUT localhost:9200/test2?pretty

2.像新建的test2索引庫中插入一條數(shù)據(jù)

數(shù)據(jù)插入后會(huì)自動(dòng)生成mapping,字段類型默認(rèn)為text，時(shí)間字段類型為date

curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT localhost:9200/test2/_doc/1?pretty -d  {"name":"張三","age":"23","profession":"法外狂徒","Createtime":"2021-06-25"}

3. 查詢新插入的數(shù)據(jù)

curl -XGET localhost:9200/test2/_doc/1?pretty

4. 修改數(shù)據(jù),每修改一次_version加1

curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT localhost:9200/test2/_doc/1?pretty -d {"name":"張三更新","age":"230"}

即使用相同的新增命令操作相同的ID,數(shù)據(jù)不同

或者使用_update更新數(shù)據(jù)

curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST localhost:9200/test2/_doc/1/_update?pretty -d {"doc":{"name":"張三更新","age":"2300"}}

5. 使用簡單的腳本修改數(shù)據(jù)

curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST localhost:9200/test2/_doc/1/_update?pretty -d {"script" : "ctx._source.age += 5"}

6. 根據(jù)ID刪除數(shù)據(jù)

curl -XDELETE localhost:9200/test2/_doc/1?pretty

7. _bukl命令批量操作

▼▼▼
curl -H "Content-Type: application/json"  -XPOST localhost:9200/test2/_doc/_bulk?pretty -d 
{"update":{"_id":"1"}}
{"doc": {"name":"趙思妹妹","age":"25"}}
{"update":{"_id":"2"}}
{"doc":{"name":"錢老板","age":"50"}}
{"delete":{"_id":"3"}}
{"index":{"_id":"4"}}
{"name":"尼古拉斯","age":"1200"}

創(chuàng)建test.json文件，確保ES用戶有讀取該文件的權(quán)限。

▼▼▼
Vi test.json
{"index":{"_id":"10"}}
{"name":"張三10","age":10}
{"index":{"_id":"11"}}
{"name":"張三11","age":11}
{"index":{"_id":12}}
{"name":"張三12","age":12}
{"index":{"_id":"13"}}
{"name":"張三13","age":13}
{"index":{"_id":"14"}}
{"name":"張三14","age":14}
{"index":{"_id":15}}
{"name":"張三15","age":15}

curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST localhost:9200/test2/_doc/_bulk?pretty --data-binary @/home/test.json

查看索引文檔數(shù)為9,增加了5個(gè)

1. 查詢某個(gè)索引中的所有數(shù)據(jù)

curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XGET localhost:9200/new_index_20210621/_search?pretty -d {"query":{ "match_all":{}}}

2. 查詢某個(gè)索引中的2條數(shù)據(jù)

(如果不指定size,默認(rèn)返回10條,按照ID排序)

▼▼▼
curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST localhost:9200/test2/_search?pretty -d 
{
    "query":{
        "match_all":{

        }
    },
    "size":2
}

3. 查詢某個(gè)索引中的2條數(shù)據(jù)，從第二條數(shù)據(jù)開始

▼▼▼
curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST localhost:9200/test2/_search?pretty -d 
{
    "query":{
        "match_all":{

        }
    },
    "from":2,
    "size":2
}

4. 查詢的部分字段,只返回name和age列

▼▼▼
curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST localhost:9200/test2/_search?pretty -d 
{
    "query":{
        "match_all":{

        }
    },
    "_source":[
        "name",
        "age"
    ],
    "size":2
}

5. 條件匹配查詢,查詢age=10的數(shù)據(jù)

▼▼▼
curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST localhost:9200/test2/_search?pretty -d 
{
    "query":{
        "match":{
            "age":10
        }
    }
}

and查詢，必須同時(shí)滿足age=10,name中包含“張三”

must表示所有查詢必須都為真才被認(rèn)為匹配

▼▼▼
curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST localhost:9200/test2/_search?pretty -d 
{
    "query":{
        "bool":{
            "must":[
                {
                    "match":{
                        "age":10
                    }
                },
                {
                    "match":{
                        "name":"張三"
                    }
                }
            ]
        }
    }
}

7. 布爾查詢bool

or查詢 age=10 或者 name中包含“張三” 滿足其中一項(xiàng)就可以

should 表示查詢列表中只要有任何一個(gè)為真則認(rèn)為匹配

▼▼▼
curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST localhost:9200/test2/_search?pretty -d 
{
    "query":{
        "bool":{
            "should":[
                {
                    "match":{
                        "age":10
                    }
                },
                {
                    "match":{
                        "name":"張三"
                    }
                }
            ]
        }
    }
}

相關(guān)閱讀：

蔡素，公眾號(hào)：IT那活兒Elastic search 集群搭建

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