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Web開發(fā)者不容錯過的20段CSS代碼

Acceml / 2254人閱讀

摘要:但仍然有一些開發(fā)者迷戀著一些代碼。源碼內(nèi)容垂直集中相對于內(nèi)容在水平位置,內(nèi)容在垂直方向是不好把控的,尤其當(dāng)考慮到滾動條這些因素時。這段純代碼可以很好的工作。

Web開發(fā)技術(shù)每年都在革新,瀏覽器已逐漸支持CSS3特性,并且網(wǎng)站設(shè)計師和前端開發(fā)者普遍采用這種新技術(shù)進(jìn)行設(shè)計與開發(fā)。但仍然有一些開發(fā)者迷戀著一些CSS2代碼。

  本文將分享20段非常專業(yè)的CSS2/CSS3代碼供大家使用,你可以把它們保存在IDE里、或者存儲在CSS文檔里,這些代碼片段絕對會給你帶來意外的驚喜。

CSS Resets

網(wǎng)絡(luò)上關(guān)于CSS重置的代碼非常多。本段代碼是根據(jù)Eric Meyer’s reset codes進(jìn)行改編的,里面包含一點響應(yīng)式圖片和所有核心元素的邊界框設(shè)置,這樣就可以保持頁邊距和填充可以很好地對齊。

html, body, div, span, applet, object, iframe, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre, a, abbr, acronym, address, big, cite, code, del, dfn, em, img, ins, kbd, q, s, samp, small, strike, strong, sub, sup, tt, var, b, u, i, center, dl, dt, dd, ol, ul, li, fieldset, form, label, legend, table, caption, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td, article, aside, canvas, details, embed, figure, figcaption, footer, header, hgroup, menu, nav, output, ruby, section, summary, time, mark, audio, video {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
border: 0;
font-size: 100%;
font: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline;
outline: none;
-webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
-moz-box-sizing: border-box;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
html { height: 101%; }
body { font-size: 62.5%; line-height: 1; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif; }

article, aside, details, figcaption, figure, footer, header, hgroup, menu, nav, section { display: block; }
ol, ul { list-style: none; }

blockquote, q { quotes: none; }
blockquote:before, blockquote:after, q:before, q:after { content: ""; content: none; }
strong { font-weight: bold; }

table { border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0; }
img { border: 0; max-width: 100%; }

p { font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.0em; color: #333; }

2.經(jīng)典的CSS Clearfix

 這個clearfix代碼已在Web開發(fā)者之間廣泛流傳,這段類選擇器要應(yīng)用到持有浮動元素的容器中,確保后面的內(nèi)容都不會浮動,但會被下推和清除。

.clearfix:after { content: "."; display: block; clear: both; visibility: hidden; line-height: 0; height: 0; }
.clearfix { display: inline-block; }

html[xmlns] .clearfix { display: block; }
* html .clearfix { height: 1%; }

3.升級版的Clearfix

在表現(xiàn)上,新版本和經(jīng)典版本不存在什么差異,這些類可以有效地清除所有floats,但它們只兼容現(xiàn)代瀏覽器和傳統(tǒng)的IE 6-8。

.clearfix:before, .container:after { content: ""; display: table; }
.clearfix:after { clear: both; }
/* IE 6/7 */
.clearfix { zoom: 1; }

Cross-Browser Transparency

CSS3里的許多屬性都與瀏覽器相兼容,但也有特例,比如opacity,需要對它進(jìn)行一些更新才可以。附加過濾屬性可以兼容任何老版的IE瀏覽器。

.transparent {
filter: alpha(opacity=50);
/* internet explorer /
-khtml-opacity: 0.5;
/
khtml, old safari /
-moz-opacity: 0.5;
/
mozilla, netscape /
opacity: 0.5;
/
fx, safari, opera */
}
源碼地址: http://perishablepress.com/cross-browser-transparency-via-css/

CSS Blockquote模板

這段代碼主要用在頁面上進(jìn)行分離引用或復(fù)制內(nèi)容,并且給頁面文字提供了默認(rèn)樣式。
blockquote {
background: #f9f9f9;<
border-left: 10px solid #ccc;
margin: 1.5em 10px;
padding: .5em 10px;
quotes: "201C""201D""2018""2019";
}
blockquote:before {
color: #ccc;
content: open-quote;
font-size: 4em;
line-height: .1em;
margin-right: .25em;
vertical-align: -.4em;
}
blockquote p {
display: inline;
}
查看源碼: http://css-tricks.com/snippets/css/simple-and-nice-blockquote-styling/

個性化的圓角代碼

許多CSS開發(fā)者都非常熟悉圓角語法,但如何為每個角設(shè)置不同的值?不如看看下面這段代碼吧!

container {
-webkit-border-radius: 4px 3px 6px 10px;
-moz-border-radius: 4px 3px 6px 10px;
-o-border-radius: 4px 3px 6px 10px; 
border-radius: 4px 3px 6px 10px;

}
/* alternative syntax broken into each line */

container {
-webkit-border-top-left-radius: 4px;
-webkit-border-top-rightright-radius: 3px;
-webkit-border-bottom-rightright-radius: 6px;
-webkit-border-bottom-left-radius: 10px;
-moz-border-radius-topleft: 4px;
-moz-border-radius-topright: 3px;
-moz-border-radius-bottomright: 6px;
-moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 10px;

}
7. 一般媒體查詢

 這是一段非常好的模板,用于各種零零碎碎的媒體查詢,在移動設(shè)備上也可以使用,這段代碼甚至可以通過使用min-device-pixel-ratio引用到視網(wǎng)膜設(shè)備上。

/* Smartphones (portrait and landscape) ----------- */
@media only screen
and (min-device-width : 320px) and (max-device-width : 480px) {

/* Styles /
}
/
Smartphones (landscape) ----------- */
@media only screen and (min-width : 321px) {

/* Styles /
}
/
Smartphones (portrait) ----------- */
@media only screen and (max-width : 320px) {

/* Styles */

}
/* iPads (portrait and landscape) ----------- */
@media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) {

/* Styles */

}

/* iPads (landscape) ----------- */
@media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : landscape) {

/* Styles /
}
/
iPads (portrait) ----------- */
@media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : portrait) {

/* Styles /
}
/
Desktops and laptops ----------- */
@media only screen and (min-width : 1224px) {

/* Styles /
}
/
Large screens ----------- */
@media only screen and (min-width : 1824px) {

/* Styles /
}
/
iPhone 4 ----------- */
@media only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:1.5), only screen and (min-device-pixel-ratio:1.5) {

/* Styles */
}
源碼地址: http://css-tricks.com/snippets/css/media-queries-for-standard-devices/

現(xiàn)代字體棧

在新網(wǎng)頁上設(shè)計屬于自己的字體棧還是件比較困難的事情,希望下面這段代碼能給你帶來啟發(fā)和開發(fā)模板,關(guān)于更多字體棧源碼,你可以訪問CSS Font Stacks。

/* Times New Roman-based serif */

font-family: Cambria, "Hoefler Text", Utopia, "Liberation Serif", "Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular", Times, "Times New Roman", serif;

/* A modern Georgia-based serif */

font-family: Constantia, "Lucida Bright", Lucidabright, "Lucida Serif", Lucida, "DejaVu Serif," "Bitstream Vera Serif", "Liberation Serif", Georgia, serif;

/*A more traditional Garamond-based serif */

font-family: "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, Palladio, "URW Palladio L", "Book Antiqua", Baskerville, "Bookman Old Style", "Bitstream Charter", "Nimbus Roman No9 L", Garamond, "Apple Garamond", "ITC Garamond Narrow", "New Century Schoolbook", "Century Schoolbook", "Century Schoolbook L", Georgia, serif;

/*The Helvetica/Arial-based sans serif */

font-family: Frutiger, "Frutiger Linotype", Univers, Calibri, "Gill Sans", "Gill Sans MT", "Myriad Pro", Myriad, "DejaVu Sans Condensed", "Liberation Sans", "Nimbus Sans L", Tahoma, Geneva, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;

/*The Verdana-based sans serif */

font-family: Corbel, "Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", "Lucida Sans", "DejaVu Sans", "Bitstream Vera Sans", "Liberation Sans", Verdana, "Verdana Ref", sans-serif;

/*The Trebuchet-based sans serif */

font-family: "Segoe UI", Candara, "Bitstream Vera Sans", "DejaVu Sans", "Bitstream Vera Sans", "Trebuchet MS", Verdana, "Verdana Ref", sans-serif;

/*The heavier “Impact” sans serif */

font-family: Impact, Haettenschweiler, "Franklin Gothic Bold", Charcoal, "Helvetica Inserat", "Bitstream Vera Sans Bold", "Arial Black", sans-serif;

/*The monospace */

font-family: Consolas, "Andale Mono WT", "Andale Mono", "Lucida Console", "Lucida Sans Typewriter", "DejaVu Sans Mono", "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Liberation Mono", "Nimbus Mono L", Monaco, "Courier New", Courier, monospace;
源碼地址: http://www.sitepoint.com/eight-definitive-font-stacks/

自定義文本選擇

一些新的Web瀏覽器允許你在網(wǎng)頁上自定義一些突出顯示的顏色,下面代碼的默認(rèn)顏色是淺藍(lán)色,當(dāng)然,你可以依據(jù)個人愛好進(jìn)行各種顏色設(shè)置。下面代碼引用了典型的Webkit和Mozilla供應(yīng)商前綴::selection 。

::selection { background: #e2eae2; }
::-moz-selection { background: #e2eae2; }
::-webkit-selection { background: #e2eae2; }

10.隱藏Logo上的H1文本

h1 {
text-indent: -9999px;
margin: 0 auto;
width: 320px;
height: 85px;
background: transparent url("images/logo.png") no-repeat scroll;
}
11. 為圖片創(chuàng)建拍立得效果邊框

 運用下面代碼可以在圖片上實現(xiàn)拍立得相片效果——一大片白色邊框和細(xì)微的陰影。你需要修改圖片的寬度/高度值來與你的網(wǎng)站布局相匹配。

img.polaroid {
background:#000;
/Change this to a background image or remove/
border:solid #fff;
border-width:6px 6px 20px 6px;
box-shadow:1px 1px 5px #333;
/* Standard blur at 5px. Increase for more depth *

-webkit-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px #333;

-moz-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px #333;

height:200px; /Set to height of your image or desired div/
width:200px;
/Set to width of your image or desired div/
}
源碼地址: http://www.smipple.net/snippet/kettultim/Polaroid%20Image%20Border%20-%20CSS3
12. 錨鏈接偽類選擇器

a:link { color: blue; }
a:visited { color: purple; }
a:hover { color: red; }
a:active { color: yellow; }

源碼地址: http://www.ahrefmagazine.com/web-design/30-useful-css-snippets-for-developers

花俏地CSS3 Pull-Quotes

Pull-quotes不同于頁面里的blockquote,它們通常用在文章中來引用文本。

.has-pullquote:before {

/* Reset metrics. */
padding: 0;
border: none;

/* Content */
content: attr(data-pullquote);

/* Pull out to the right, modular scale based margins. */

float: rightright;
width: 320px;
margin: 12px -140px 24px 36px;

/* Baseline correction */
position: relative;
top: 5px;

/* Typography (30px line-height equals 25% incremental leading) */
font-size: 23px;
line-height: 30px;
}
.pullquote-adelle:before {
font-family: "adelle-1", "adelle-2";
font-weight: 100;
top: 10px !important;
}

.pullquote-helvetica:before {
font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
font-weight: bold;
top: 7px !important;
}
.pullquote-facit:before {
font-family: "facitweb-1", "facitweb-2", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
font-weight: bold;
top: 7px !important;
}
源碼地址: http://miekd.com/articles/pull-quotes-with-html5-and-css/

CSS3的全屏背景效果

如果你想使用大圖片作為網(wǎng)站背景,并希望在頁面滾動時保持固定,該代碼片段非常適合,不過這段代碼無法在舊的瀏覽器上工作。

html {
background: url("images/bg.jpg") no-repeat center center fixed;
-webkit-background-size: cover;
-moz-background-size: cover;
-o-background-size: cover;
background-size: cover;
}
源碼: http://css-tricks.com/perfect-full-page-background-image/

內(nèi)容垂直集中
相對于內(nèi)容在水平位置,內(nèi)容在垂直方向是不好把控的,尤其當(dāng)考慮到滾動條這些因素時。這段純CSS代碼可以很好的工作。

.container {
min-height: 6.5em;
display: table-cell;
vertical-align: middle;
}
源碼地址: http://www.w3.org/Style/Examples/007/center

為圖片創(chuàng)建拍立得效果邊框

運用下面代碼可以在圖片上實現(xiàn)拍立得相片效果——一大片白色邊框和細(xì)微的陰影。你需要修改圖片的寬度/高度值來與你的網(wǎng)站布局相匹配。

img.polaroid {
background:#000;
/Change this to a background image or remove/
border:solid #fff;
border-width:6px 6px 20px 6px;
box-shadow:1px 1px 5px #333;
/* Standard blur at 5px. Increase for more depth *

-webkit-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px #333;

-moz-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px #333;

height:200px; /Set to height of your image or desired div/
width:200px;
/Set to width of your image or desired div/
}
源碼地址: http://www.smipple.net/snippet/kettultim/Polaroid%20Image%20Border%20-%20
CSS3

錨鏈接偽類選擇器

a:link { color: blue; }
a:visited { color: purple; }
a:hover { color: red; }
a:active { color: yellow; }

源碼地址: http://www.ahrefmagazine.com/web-design/30-useful-css-snippets-for-developers

花俏地CSS3 Pull-Quotes

Pull-quotes不同于頁面里的blockquote,它們通常用在文章中來引用文本。

.has-pullquote:before {

/* Reset metrics. */
padding: 0;
border: none;

/* Content */
content: attr(data-pullquote);

/* Pull out to the right, modular scale based margins. */

float: rightright;
width: 320px;
margin: 12px -140px 24px 36px;

/* Baseline correction */
position: relative;
top: 5px;

/* Typography (30px line-height equals 25% incremental leading) */
font-size: 23px;
line-height: 30px;
}
.pullquote-adelle:before {
font-family: "adelle-1", "adelle-2";
font-weight: 100;
top: 10px !important;
}

.pullquote-helvetica:before {
font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
font-weight: bold;
top: 7px !important;
}
.pullquote-facit:before {
font-family: "facitweb-1", "facitweb-2", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
font-weight: bold;
top: 7px !important;
}
源碼地址: http://miekd.com/articles/pull-quotes-with-html5-and-css/

CSS3的全屏背景效果

如果你想使用大圖片作為網(wǎng)站背景,并希望在頁面滾動時保持固定,該代碼片段非常適合,不過這段代碼無法在舊的瀏覽器上工作。

html {
background: url("images/bg.jpg") no-repeat center center fixed;
-webkit-background-size: cover;
-moz-background-size: cover;
-o-background-size: cover;
background-size: cover;
}
源碼: http://css-tricks.com/perfect-full-page-background-image/

內(nèi)容垂直集中
相對于內(nèi)容在水平位置,內(nèi)容在垂直方向是不好把控的,尤其當(dāng)考慮到滾動條這些因素時。這段純CSS代碼可以很好的工作。

.container {
min-height: 6.5em;
display: table-cell;
vertical-align: middle;
}
源碼地址: http://www.w3.org/Style/Examples/007/center

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